Division is a mathematical operation that involves sharing or grouping a number into equal parts. It is the opposite of multiplication and is used to split a quantity into smaller, equal portions. For example, when you divide 12 by 3 (12 ÷ 3), you are distributing 12 items into 3 equal groups, resulting in 4 items in each group. Division is represented by the division sign (÷) or a forward slash (/). It helps in finding how many times one number can be divided by another, determining rates, and solving problems involving distribution or allocation of resources. Understanding division is essential for everyday situations that require sharing or dividing quantities accurately.